Rivers in maharashtra pdf

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Resend Email. Example to demonstrate this is Manjara River, tributary of Godavari in Latur district of Marathwada region. River restoration happening and being planned in urban areas is no different and is concentrating around infrastructure-centric solutions like construction of Ghats, channelization of rivers and encroachment upon the riverbed.

Maharashtra boasts of the highest number of large dams in the country and yet has the lowest proportion of irrigated area. In its tryst of putting up some of the most inefficient dams in the country, the state has succeeded in blocking ecologically important rivers, submerging forests and affecting livelihoods dependent on river flows. This is most starkly highlighted in the case of dams in Konkan region of the state, where all of the dams are located in the biodiversity rich Western Ghats as well as Vidarbha region of the state where dams like Gosikhurd, which are mired in corruption and inefficiency are not only a waste of public resources, but also affect some of the last remaining intact forests of the state.

The State Water Policy gives low importance to water for environmental needs and does not make any mention of eflows Environmental Flows.

Water Conflicts in the state are increasing surrounding Godavari and Krishna Basins. These conflicts have culminated not only in battles in High Court, Supreme Court and the MWRRA, but unrest and strife in agrarian community of the same basin, mistrust and volatile atmosphere within the state. Predictably, water sharing decisions, be it by the courts of the MWRRA, revolve solely around water and do not consider the health of the river or the catchment, which is the main issue.

Groundwater in areas like Marathwada is at an all-time low. Unregulated groundwater abstraction has affected base flows of rivers in Marathwada adversely. According to Central Pollution Board Report , maximum polluted riverine stretches in the country fall in Maharashtra.

The National Green Tribunal had ordered an exemplary fine of Rs. The rivers at the beginning of the period under consideration must have been aggrading with extensive flood plains, heavier sediment loads and higher discharges in a wetter climate.

After having covered their flood plains with thick alluvial deposits the streams were rejuvenated, possibly through epeiro- genic uplift and then the present superimposed drainage pattern developed.

Most streams are misfits in their valleys, and it is necessary to investigate whether any drainage changes have taken place in recent times. Introduction The present knowledge of the geomorphological developments of recent times in the Deccan Trap country Fig. It is also generally considered that the Pleistocene history of this area has been uneventful.

However, certain features noticed dur- ing archaeological work associated with alluvial sites and engineer- " College of Engineering, Poona. The These ESE and south east flowing streams taking their source in the Western Ghats flow sluggishly over gentle gradients in broad flat U-shaped valleys with alluvium covered bottoms.

Their longitu- dinal profiles are more or less graded, and because of these character- istics they have been described as old streams that have almost attained their base level of erosion.

However they also have features which show that after reaching old age the streams have been rejuve- nated not long ago. They flow on bedrock basalts with alluvial banks rising high above the highest level reached by present day floods. They have deepened their channels upto 75 feet through the alluvial deposits and bedrock basalts, and entrenched meanders and gorges are common.

Though their longitudinal profiles drawn to the scale of 1" to 1 mile usually show no sharp breaks except in a few cases like Venna, Pravara and Godavari which have water falls of consider- able height, their courses when surveyed in detail show, numerous rapids and small waterfalls almost throughout the region.

The River Alluvium Perhaps the most remarkable feature of these streams is the enormous amount of alluvium deposited by them. The rivers are often bordered by alluvial cliffs ranging in height from 20 to 60 feet. The top of the alluvium forms a distinct flat terrace which laterally extends up to 2 miles on either bank. The thickness of the alluvium has been determined at a number of dam sites and it has been found that a thickness of 70 to 80 feet is common and may be as much as feet.

The observed thickness and lateral extent of alluvium vary con- siderably from valley to valley as can be seen from Table 1. The portion of Pravara valley between Akola and Sangamner has , the appearance of an infilled basin, the width of the alluvial basin being 12 miles near Sangamner. A more or less similar alluvial basin occurs around Wambori Lat 19"17' N Long ' E at the foot of object of this paper is to draw the attention of geologists and geo- the Dongargan Ghat north of Nagar.

A general increase in the grain- tions. Mineralogically most silts are dominated by montmorillonite size with depth is generally seen. The top portions are silty with with some plagioclase, augite, quartz, chalcedony, calcite, haematite irregular patches of sandy and occasionally gravelly material.

Below etc. However, the red silts of Poona and Wai contain some kaolinite come lean conglomerates which are usually a well graded mixture and much less of minerals of the parent rock like plagioclase and augite, while silts from heavy rainfall areas like Panshet and Asgav are completely devoid of montmorillonite and contain gibbsite in ad- dition to kaolinite.

Early Stone Krishna Dhom. On the whole the material is rich in finer ma- terials, silt and fine sand occurring at all levels. The river plays an important role in the development of a country. India is blessed with many rivers.

Some of them are sacred. They provide chief transportation, electricity, water for farming and are a livelihood for the people of the country. These are also culturally related such as holy Ganga. Each of the Indian rivers begins their journey at one of the three main watersheds.

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